每周一練:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
來(lái)源:智康1對(duì)1 2015-02-09 19:02:00
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定形式:
①be動(dòng)詞:am/is/are
②行為動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not
、赿on't/doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+……
一般疑問(wèn)句:
①把be動(dòng)詞放于句首
、贒o/Does+…+動(dòng)詞原形+…?
特殊疑問(wèn)句:
特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句
2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成:
動(dòng)詞特征 |
變化 |
例詞 |
一般動(dòng)詞 |
詞尾加-s |
look- looks find- finds |
以s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾 |
詞尾加-es |
watch- watches, |
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾 |
變y為i再加-es |
fly- flies, apply- applies |
3.基本用法:
①表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays等。
例:I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
②表示客觀真理,客觀存在或科學(xué)事實(shí),以及格言或名言警句中。如:
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
、郾硎緪(ài)好、能力、性格、個(gè)性。
I like Chinese food.
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
4. 特殊用法
①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)
1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。如:when, before, after, till, once, as soon as, if, in case (that), unless,等。
He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨媽。I will call you as soon as I go back home. 我一到家就給你電話。
注:1. 可以代替as soon as表示一……就的詞語(yǔ):the moment、the minute、immediately、instantly
2. 主句部分除了用一般將來(lái)時(shí),還可以用祈使句以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
例:If you have any problem, please contact me. (主祈從現(xiàn))
If you have any problem, you can contact me.(主情從現(xiàn))
3. not…until用法總結(jié):
A. sb didn't do sth until sb did sth.
I didn't go home until I finished my homework yesterday. 我昨天直到完成作業(yè)才回家
B. sb won't do sth until sb do/does sth.(主將從現(xiàn))
I won't leave until you come tomorrow. 我明天會(huì)直到你過(guò)來(lái)才會(huì)離開(kāi)。
練習(xí):翻譯下面的句子
1. 昨天修理完桌椅后,我們才回家。
2. 有時(shí)候,直到珍貴的時(shí)刻成為了回憶,你才會(huì)真正認(rèn)識(shí)到它的價(jià)值所在。
2.用于表示較固定的,按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,但只限于begin, come, go, leave, arrive, stop, return, close, open, take, start, take place 等少數(shù)動(dòng)作。
例:The train leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Jinan at nine.
、谝话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)代替進(jìn)行時(shí)
句型:Here comes… ; There goes…
例:Look, here comes Mr. Li.
There goes the bell.
練一練
1.觀察下列例句,將序號(hào)填入對(duì)應(yīng)用法之后的空白欄中
、 All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.
②The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.
、 Unless it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.
、躉ur teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.
、軭e sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.
、轜e always care for each other and help each other.
⑦She is a teacher.
、 -Do you sing? -A little.
一般用法 |
現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用 |
主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的特征,性格和狀態(tài) |
|
客觀規(guī)律,正確事實(shí)或科學(xué)真理,格言以及其他不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在 |
|
特殊用法 |
“主將從現(xiàn)”:主要用在條件從句(if和unless等)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句(when, as soon as, before, after, until和by the time等)中,表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。(注意:從句也可視情況用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主句可視語(yǔ)境用將來(lái)任意時(shí)態(tài)) |
“時(shí)刻表”:安排,或計(jì)劃要做的動(dòng)作(有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一類(lèi)短暫性動(dòng)詞。 |
2.翻譯練習(xí)
、偎⒉豢偸窃6點(diǎn)鐘下班,有時(shí)他會(huì)工作到7點(diǎn)。
、跈C(jī)會(huì)總是青睞有準(zhǔn)備的人。___________________________________________________________________________
、廴绻齺(lái)看我,我會(huì)很高興。________________________________________________________________
、芩(jīng)常把他的業(yè)余時(shí)間花在閱讀上。
___________________________________________________________________
、輰(shí)踐出真知。
_____________________________________________________________________
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