2012高考備戰(zhàn)：高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇題答題技巧(2)
2011-12-15 16:20:16新浪網(wǎng)
（十）消除思維定勢(shì)
10.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires______ the environment safer.
A. make B. to making C. to make D. from making
有些試題的題干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我們高興地完成以后，結(jié)果卻做錯(cuò)了。要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命題者設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。此題容易誤選D，以為是考查prevent sb. /sth. from doing 這一固定搭配的。其實(shí)，“使環(huán)境更安全”是“他們?yōu)榉阑鹚龅墓ぷ?rdquo;的目的，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式，選C。
（十一）查看有無(wú)連詞
11.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ______means many more people in the world can enjoy it.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
若經(jīng)查實(shí)，前后的確是兩個(gè)句子，就要看其中一個(gè)分句是否已經(jīng)用了連詞。若已經(jīng)用了連詞，一般不選連詞，若沒(méi)有用連詞，就一定要選連詞。此題已有連詞If，選D，若沒(méi)有If，就選B， which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
（十二）正確把握語(yǔ)境
12. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
有時(shí)孤立地看留空格的那個(gè)句子，好象多個(gè)答案都可以，但與上下句的意思聯(lián)系起來(lái)，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。因此，做題時(shí)一定要把握語(yǔ)境。此題答案選A。B答案的意思是I don’t agree with anything 等于I agree with nothing.這就與前一分句的意思發(fā)生矛盾了。
（十三）識(shí)別相似句型
13. ______is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
14.______is known to everybody that light travels much faster than sound.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
15. _____ is known to everybody is that light travels much faster than sound.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
有的句型十分相似，若不仔細(xì)分辨，很容易出錯(cuò)。13題選B，as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是后面整個(gè)句子。14題選A，it是形式主語(yǔ)， that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；15題在that前加個(gè)is，則應(yīng)選D， what引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句， that引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句。
四、方法歸納
分析法：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，使句子“合法”。
排除法：排除句子中某些附加成分， 使其簡(jiǎn)單直接。
補(bǔ)全法：補(bǔ)全省略部分，連接思維序列中的斷點(diǎn)。
推斷法：根據(jù)上下文依據(jù)，判斷空格所依據(jù)的信息。
還原法：通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)換句型還原句子本來(lái)面目，以便理解句意。
