2012高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：高考英語(yǔ)詞匯400題及詳解（八）

　　351. The rapidly growing birth rate brings about a lot of environment problems, which the government is supposed to take _____.

　　A. significantly  B. severely C. earnestly D. seriously

　　[答案] D. seriously.

　　[注釋]take...seriously 是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“重視，認(rèn)真對(duì)待”

　　352. Carl wanted to play a joke on Bob but gave himself _____ by laughing.

　　   A. away    B. in    C. out    D. up

　　[答案] A. away.

　　[注釋]give away 暴露，泄露。參閱III.68.注釋。

　　353. The government is _____ and will take the necessary steps to maintain security and stability.

　　   A. on the alert    B. out of control

　　   C. on guard        D. in vain

　　[答案] A. on the alert.

　　[注釋]on the alert (=alert; watchful; careful) 警惕，小心：Drivers must be on the alert for traffic signals. (=Drivers must be especially careful to see signals when driving a car.) (司機(jī)必須密切注視交通信號(hào)。)out of control 失去控制；on guard站崗；in vain 徒勞，無效。

　　354. Many people complain of the rapid _____ of modern life.

　　   A. rate    B. pace    C. speed    D. growth

　　[答案] B. pace.

　　[注釋]pace 走或跑的速度；發(fā)展或進(jìn)步速度。

　　355. She has lost her handbag with the _____ sum of $150 in it.

　　   A. extraordinary    B. important

　　   C. considerable     D. valuable

　　[答案] C.considerable.

　　[注釋]considerable 相當(dāng)可觀的。[注意]considerate考慮周到的，體諒的，體貼的：1）She is considerate to others. (她能體諒別人。)2）That was very considerate of you.（你真體諒別人。）

　　356. Russia's withdrawal of its experts from China did not strangle (壓垮) the Chinese people; _____ it stirred up their enthusiasm for greater exertions.

　　   A. on the other hand    B. on the contrary

　　   C. to the contrary      D. in consequence

　　[答案] B. on the contrary.

　　[注釋]on the contrary相反地：--Have you nearly done?--On the contrary, I have only just begun. Monday unless you write me to the contrary. (我星期一將來，除非你寫信告訴我有相反地情況。)

　　357. As he had no friends and relatives in the town, the traveler tried to find a _____ somewhere.

　　   A. log    B. lodge    C. landing    D. lodging

　　[答案] D. lodging.

　　[注釋]log 圓木,lodge門房，傳達(dá)室,lodging住所,landing登陸；降落。

　　358. Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book, she is always _____ her place.

　　A. loosing B. missing C. losing  D. looking for

　　[答案] C. Losing.

　　[注釋]lose one's place意為讀書時(shí)“找不到讀到哪兒”。類似的習(xí)語(yǔ)有：lose heart(灰心，泄氣),lose one's heart to sb. (愛上某人),lose one's head(驚慌失措),lose one's hold on(or over)(失去對(duì)......的控制),lose one's temper(發(fā)脾氣),lose one's tongue (緊張得不知說什么好)，lose one's way (迷路),lose sight of(看不見了),lose one's never(失去勇氣)。

　　359. The manager said that they had an _____ plan if the plan they had submitted was not accepted.

　　A. alternate  B.alternative   C.absolute  D. appreciable

　　[答案] B. alternative.

　　[注釋]alternative 可提供選擇的，兩者挑一的：alternate交替的：1)There was no alternative route open to her. (在她面前沒有另外可供選擇的路線。)2)French and English are not alternative courses; but may be taken in the same year.(語(yǔ)法和英語(yǔ)并不是交替開設(shè)的課程；而可以在同一年里選修。)

　　360. Jim isn't _____, but he did badly in the final exams last semester.

　　   A. gloomy    B. dull    C. awkward    D. tedious

　　[答案] B. dull.

　　[注釋]dull (=slow in understanding) 遲鈍的。

　　361. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it _____ his mind that she was trying to tell him something.

　　   A. crossed    B. passed    C. occurred    D. opened

　　[答案] A. crossed.

　　[注釋]cross one's mind 想起：1)A sudden thought crossed my mind. 2)It never crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我從來沒有想到他可能會(huì)拒絕這個(gè)請(qǐng)求。)如用pass則應(yīng)加through, 例如：When Jane did not come home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mother's mind. (=Mother thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)occur的用法如下：1）That view of the case did not occur to me before. (對(duì)這個(gè)案件的那種看法以前我沒有想到過。)2）It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.(她想到，她可以收養(yǎng)一個(gè)無家可歸的孩子。)關(guān)于“想起”的以上三種表達(dá)法考生務(wù)必弄懂熟記。這些詞組和句形不僅在詞匯測(cè)試中經(jīng)常遇到，而且在短文寫作時(shí)也可以使用。

　　本題譯文：起初鮑玻對(duì)弗吉尼亞的揮手致意感到迷惑，但后來他想到，她想告訴他某事。

　　362. His job at the hospital did not pay much, so he found another _____.

　　   A. on the rise       B. on the spot

　　   C. on the decline    D. on the side

　　[答案] D. on the side.

　　[注釋]on the side(=in addition to a main thing) 額外；作為兼職：1）He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries on the side. (=He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries extra.) 2)He does some house-keeping work on the side.(他幫人家做些家務(wù)活作為兼職。)on the rise(作表語(yǔ))在上升；on the spot 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；on the decline (做表語(yǔ))在下降：The population in the country is on the decline. (這個(gè)國(guó)家的人口在下降。)

　　363. The filling station _____ because there were too many others on the street.

　　   A. fell through    B. went under

　　   C. fell out        D. went through

　　[答案] B. went under.

　　[注釋]go under 破產(chǎn)，失敗。fall through 也有“失敗”之意，但多半指計(jì)劃、想法等“落空”。

　　本題譯文：這個(gè)加油站破產(chǎn)了，因?yàn)樵谶@條街上加油站太多了。

　　364. Air and the sun's rays create much distortion, and whatever tends to _____ their influence is useful to the astronomer.

　　A. exclude  B. eliminate  C. extinguish  D. impose

　　[答案] A. exclude.

　　[注釋]exclude 排除。extinguish撲滅；eliminate消除。

　　impose 把......強(qiáng)加給：Don't impose your wishes on us.(不要把你的意思強(qiáng)加給我們。)

　　365. The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was terrible so I was _____.

　　A.confused B. nervous  C.shameful  D.embarrassed

　　[答案] D. embarrassed.

　　[注釋]be embarrassed 感到窘迫。

　　366. Animals should not be locked in cages; they should be in their normal _____.

　　A. environment B.position  C.residence  D. dwelling

　　[答案] A. environment.

　　[注釋]environment(=surroundings, circumstances)環(huán)境，environment作集合名詞用時(shí)，只用單數(shù)形式：We should work hard to improve our environment. (單詞，不可數(shù))Children need a happy home environment. (單數(shù)，可數(shù))

　　367. I'm sorry but what he thinks is not of the _____ importance to me.

　　A. merest  B. lowest  C. last  D. least

　　[答案] D. least.

　　[注釋]least 是little的最高級(jí)形式。

　　368. He offered to _____ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.

　　   A. lend    B. help    C. show    D. loan

　　[答案] A. lend.

　　[注釋]lend sb. a hand給某人幫個(gè)忙。

　　369. I have been looking for this book for months, and _____ I have found it.

　　A.at least  B. in no time  C.at last  D.at present

　　[答案] C. at last.

　　[注釋]at last (=in the end)最終；at least至少；in no time 立即，馬上；at present 目前。

　　370. It was the largest experiment we had ever had; it _____ six hours.

　　A. ended  B. finished  C. prolonged  D. lasted

　　[答案] D. lasted.

　　[注釋]last vi. (for) 持續(xù)。

　　371. The _____ stuck on the outside of the envelope said "By Air".

　　A. label    B. ticket    C. signal    D. sign

　　[答案] A. label.

　　[注釋]label 標(biāo)簽，標(biāo)記。signal信號(hào). sign記號(hào)；指示牌：traffic signs (交通版示)。notice布告。

　　372. Psychological studies show that some people are quick-tempered _____.

　　A. at heart B. on purpose   C. in person  D. by nature

　　[答案] D. by nature.

　　[注釋]by nature 天生，生來。in person 1）親自，親身：I shall be present at the meeting in person.(我將親自出席會(huì)議。)2）身體上，外貌上：In person he was handsome, strong and healthy.(他面目清秀，體格強(qiáng)壯。)at heart 1)內(nèi)心里，實(shí)質(zhì)上：His manners are cold, but he is at heart a kind man. (他的言談舉止有些冷淡，但實(shí)際上他是一個(gè)好心腸的人。)2）考慮的是......：When I say don't eat sweets, I have your health at heart.(我叫你別吃果糖，是考慮到你的健康。)on purpose 故意地。

　　373. She was putting on her watch when the _____ broke and it fell to the ground.

　　A. belt    B. strap    C. tie    D. string

　　[答案] B. strap.

　　[注釋]strap(表，手提包的)帶。belt繃帶，seatbelt(系于飛機(jī)座位上的)安全帶。tie領(lǐng)帶，string細(xì)繩子。

　　374. Feudal landlords, and imperialists are in no way more _____ than wolves.

　　A. reasonable  B. regardless  C. ridiculous  D. rational

　　[答案] D. rational.

　　[注釋]rational 有理性的。

　　本題譯文：封建地主和帝國(guó)主義者并不比豺狼更有理性。

　　375. His name was on the _____ of my tongue, but I just couldn't recall it.

　　A. end    B. point    C. edge    D. tip

　　[答案] D. tip.

　　[注釋]be on (or at) the tip of one's tongue 就在嘴邊，差點(diǎn)被想起，如：The answer was on the tip of my tongue, but I could't think of it.(我差點(diǎn)就想起那答案來，可就是想不起來。) be on the point of 正要（去做某事）：I was just on the point of going when you came in.