做英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題如何推斷作者的觀點(diǎn)

　　1. 提問(wèn)方式

　　The writer’s attitude toward… is______.

　　The writer thought that______.

　　according to the author ______.

　　2. 干擾選項(xiàng)

　　此類(lèi)試題的干擾項(xiàng)通常具有以下特點(diǎn)：或是自己的某種看法或觀點(diǎn)，或是社會(huì)的一種普遍種傾向，或是與本文無(wú)關(guān)或與作者相反的觀點(diǎn)或看法等。

　　3. 答題誤區(qū)

　　容易誤選與自己的看法相吻合的選項(xiàng)。

　　4. 技巧點(diǎn)撥

　　注意作者在文中的措辭，尤其是表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞及所舉的例子，才能推斷出作者的弦外之音。

　　5. 實(shí)例分析（江西卷）

　　Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身體的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反應(yīng)).

　　●according to the author, which of the following statements is true?

　　A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.

　　B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.

　　C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.

　　D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.

　　【解題思路分析】答案選B。作者在文章中說(shuō)Studies show that too much control can lead to high blood press, heart problems and other illnesses，即過(guò)多地忍住情感（如忍住不哭等）有可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致健康問(wèn)題。這里雖然用了Studies show… (研究表明……)這樣的字眼，但作者在此顯然是為增加說(shuō)服力而特意采用的一種表現(xiàn)手法，也就是說(shuō)，研究所表明的結(jié)果就是作者的觀點(diǎn)，故最佳答案為B。

　　特別說(shuō)明：閱讀理解中的推斷題通常涉及的是作者的看法、意圖與態(tài)度，即作者本人在文章字里行間所表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)或看法，此時(shí)千萬(wàn)不要誤認(rèn)為是在問(wèn)“你”(考生)的想法。請(qǐng)看一個(gè)例子（全國(guó)卷）：

　　Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth put it best when she said to her father. “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead.”

　　Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt—a mistake 75% of the US population make every day. The big question is why.

　　●Why did Elizabeth say to her father, “But, Dad, you can’t be healthy if you’re dead?

　　A. He was driving at great speed.

　　B. He was running across the street.

　　C. He didn’t have his safety belt on.

　　D. He didn’t take his medicine on time.

　　【解題思路分析】10歲的女兒對(duì)父親說(shuō)：“爸爸，你若死了，也就不可能健康了。”女兒為什么這樣說(shuō)呢？下文告訴我們：父親匆匆忙忙在天黑之前開(kāi)車(chē)趕回家，以便跑步鍛煉身體，但卻在開(kāi)車(chē)回家時(shí)忘記系安全帶。顯然女兒是在責(zé)備父親未系安全帶開(kāi)車(chē)，即答案選 C。