高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：短文改錯(cuò)分類解析-冠詞

　　一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析

　　短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)冠詞的考查主要涉及冠詞的誤加和漏用，有時(shí)也考查不定冠詞與定冠詞以及零冠詞的用法區(qū)別(包括 a 與 an 的區(qū)別)。其中，涉及最多的是，當(dāng)一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時(shí)，其前漏用不定冠詞；另外，冠詞在一些習(xí)語(yǔ)中的用法也是一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)。

　　二、真題單句歸納

　　(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改為 an，因 hour 讀音以元音開(kāi)頭) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. (the 改為 a，因此處并非特指，而是泛指) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉 the，因這里的 books 表泛指，不表特指) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(3) Good health is person’s most valuable possession. (person’s 前加 a，這里的 a 表泛指) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(4) Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings. (去掉 the，因health 表泛指) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(5) There is public library in every town in Britain. (public library 前加 a，因這里的 public library 是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表泛指，故在其前用 a) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(6) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. (a 改為 the，因從含義上看，此處的 winter holidays 屬特指或者是談話雙方都知道的) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(7) Today I visited the Smiths — my first visit to a American family. (a 改為 an，因 American 的讀音以元音開(kāi)頭) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(8) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠詞 the，captain 為特指) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改為 one，one 與下一行的 another 構(gòu)成“一個(gè)……另一個(gè)”) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(10) I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a，該表達(dá)與 have a good time 類似，其中的 a 不可省) (北京春季卷)

　　(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉 a，catch sight of 是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“看見(jiàn)、瞥見(jiàn)”) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(12) For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery(奧秘). (去掉 the，rain 在此泛指) (北京春季卷)

　　(13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為 the，因 same 前應(yīng)用定冠詞) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(14) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在 famous 前加 a，注意 mountain 是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(15) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (my diary 改為 a diary，keep a diary 意為“寫日記”) (全國(guó)卷)

　　(16) When I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a，因 boy 為可數(shù)名詞) (江蘇卷)

　　(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改為 the，因這不是泛指的周末，而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)

　　(17) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加a，指人的一生是 a lifetime) (浙江卷)

　　(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the，因這是特指的一場(chǎng)火災(zāi)) (福建卷)

　　(19) As we all left home at early age,… (early前加an，at an early age意為“在年幼時(shí)”) (天津卷)

　　(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改為cook，比較：cook=炊事員，cooker=炊具) (江蘇卷)

　　三、模擬單句演練

　　(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.

　　(2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.

　　(3) It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.

　　(4) My friend Mary comes from an European country.

　　(5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.

　　(6) In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.

　　(7) Only few of the children can read such books.

　　(8) For long time neither of us spoke to each other.

　　(9) Look, a girl in blue is my cousin.

　　(10) Look! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.

　　(11) She asked whether we came from a same city.

　　(12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.

　　(13) You don’t know what wonderful time we’ve had.

　　(14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.

　　(15) Soon the plane was out of the sight.

　　(16) Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978.

　　(17) In the word, he is a good student and all of us like him.

　　(18) You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words, you stole it.